Remotely operated vehicle for a storage system

ABSTRACT

A remotely-operated vehicle assembly for picking up storage bins from a storage system and a method for changing vehicle direction includes a body displaying a cavity, a lifting device connected to the body for lifting the bin into the cavity, a displacement arrangement including a displacement motor which provides power to displace one or both of first and second sets of vehicle wheels between a displaced state where the relevant vehicle wheels are displaced away from the underlying system during use, and a non-displaced state where the relevant vehicle wheels are in contact with the underlying system during use, and driving wheels coupled to the displacement arrangement. The driving wheels further includes first and second sets of vehicle wheels connected to the body allowing movement of the vehicle along first and second directions, respectively, within the system. The first and second directions are perpendicular.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This is a Continuation Application under 35 U.S.C. § 120 of application U.S. Ser. No. 15/978,219 filed 14 May 2018, which is a Continuation of application U.S. Ser. No. 15/319,103 filed 15 Dec. 2016, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,294,025 issued 21 May, 2019, which is a US National Stage application of PCT/EP2015/063415 filed 16 Jun. 2015.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to automated storage systems of the type comprising a storage facility having a plurality of storage columns arranged in a grid, with a plurality of storage bins arranged in vertical stacks in the storage columns. In particular the invention relates to a remotely operated vehicle assembly for picking up storage bins from a storage system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A remotely operated vehicle for picking up storage bins from a storage system is known. A detailed description of a relevant prior art storage system is presented in WO 98/49075, and details of a prior art vehicle being suitable for such a storage system is disclosed in Norwegian patent NO317366. Such a prior art storage system comprises a three dimensional storage grid containing storage bins that are stacked on top of each other up to a certain height. The storage grid is normally constructed as aluminium columns interconnected by top rails, and a number of remotely operated vehicles, or robots, are arranged to move laterally on these rails. Each robot is equipped with a lift for picking up, carrying, and placing bins that are stored in the storage grid, and a rechargeable battery in order to supply electrical power to a robot incorporated motor. The robot typically communicates with a control system via a wireless link and is recharged at a charging station when needed, typically at night.

An example of a prior art storage system is illustrated in FIG. 1 . The storage system 3 includes a plurality of vehicles or robots 1 configured to move on dedicated supporting rails 13 and to receive a storage bin 2 from a storage column 8 within a bin storing grid 15. The prior art storage system 3 may also include a dedicated bin lift device 50, the latter being arranged to receive a storage bin 2 from the robot 1 at the top level of the storage system 3 and to convey the storage bin 2 down in a vertical direction to a delivery station, or port 60.

However, with this known system each vehicle assembly is covering a cross section of the underlying storage system that corresponds to two storage columns, thereby limiting the maximum number of simultaneously operating vehicles.

It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle assembly, a storage system and a method for operating such a vehicle assembly that allows a significant increase in the number of simultaneously operating vehicles during successful handling of storage bins.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is set forth and characterized in the main claims, while the dependent claims describe other characteristics of the invention.

In particular, the invention concerns a remotely operated vehicle assembly being suitable for picking up storage bins from a storage system. The vehicle assembly comprising a vehicle body displaying a cavity being suitable for receiving a storage bin stored within the storage system, a vehicle lifting device being connected at least indirectly to the vehicle body and suitable for lifting the storage bin into the cavity, a displacement arrangement comprising inter alia a displacement motor which is configured to at least provide the power that is necessary in order to displace one or both of the first set of vehicle rolling means and the second set of vehicle rolling means between a displaced state where the relevant vehicle rolling means is displaced away from the underlying storage system during use, and a non-displaced state where the relevant vehicle rolling means is in contact with the underlying storage system during use, and driving means coupled to the displacement arrangement. The driving means further comprises a first set of vehicle rolling means connected to the vehicle body allowing movement of the vehicle along a first direction (X) within the storage system during use and a second set of vehicle rolling means connected to the vehicle body allowing movement of the vehicle along a second direction (Y) in the storage system during use, wherein the second direction (Y) is perpendicular to the first direction (X). The motor providing the necessary power to drive the vehicle assembly in the X or Y direction may be one or more dedicated motors and/or the displacement motor. The vehicle assembly is further characterized in that the displacement motor is situated in a lateral plane above the cavity, and further configured to generate a power that is converted by the remaining components of the displacement arrangement to a vertically directed pressure force acting on the first or second set of vehicle rolling means. The lateral plane is hereinafter defined as any planes which are arranged parallel to the plane set up by the first (X) and second (Y) direction. Furthermore, the vertical direction, or Z-direction, is defined as the direction perpendicular to the lateral plane. The delimitation of the cavity may be set by dedicated plates and/or by the surrounding components constituting the displacement arrangement and the driving means.

In an advantageous embodiment the transfer of power or force from the displacement motor to the corresponding vehicle rolling means is performed by means of at least one lever arm configured to allow mechanical alternation between the displaced state and the non-displaced state.

In another advantageous embodiment at least one of the vehicle rolling means comprises a first part and a second part being arranged at opposite facing side walls of the vehicle body and a vertically displaceable bar rigidly interconnecting the first part and the second part above the cavity, or at least at an upper half of the vehicle body. The bar may advantageously be arranged parallel to the before mentioned lateral plane.

In another advantageous embodiment the displacement arrangement comprises at least one lever arm configured to abut the vertically displaceable bar during operation of the displacement motor. Said at least one lever arm may be arranged at least partly below the vertically displaceable bar, at the side or above the cavity. The area where the lever arm abuts the bar is preferably at or near the arms' longitudinal midpoint. The term ‘at least partly below’ signifies an arrangement of the level arm that results in an abutment point positioned below the bar relative to any underlying storage system. The at least one lever arm may advantageously be arranged at an upper half of the vehicle body. Furthermore, they may be arranged either above or along the sides of the cavity, or both.

In another advantageous embodiment the two ends of each lever arm are arranged on each lateral side of an impact area of the lever arm from which the vertically directed pressure force on the vehicle rolling means forms during the operation of the displacement motor, and thereby achieving controlled displacement of the vehicle rolling means.

In another advantageous embodiment a first end of each lever arm is connected to a first rotatable device within an upper part of the vehicle body, for example a rotatable bolt, thus defining a lever arm fulcrum, and a second end of each lever arm is at least indirectly connected to the displacement motor allowing the rotation of the lever arm around its fulcrum at the first end. This rotation causes the desired vertical displacement of the vehicle rolling means.

In another advantageous embodiment the displacement arrangement further comprises at least one locking means, for example an elongated hook, where each locking means is pivotally connected to its corresponding lever arm at or near the second end and a second rotatable device situated at the upper half of the vehicle body, wherein the locking means and the second rotatable device are interconnected to allow releasable blocking after a predetermined angular rotation performed by the displacement motor.

In another advantageous embodiment at least one of the locking means is connected to a rotor of the displacement motor which enforces a rotating movement of the connected locking means, thereby causing the desired vertical displacement of the at least one of the first set of vehicle rolling means and the second set of vehicle rolling means relative to any underlying storage system.

In another advantageous embodiment the vehicle assembly further comprises at least one driving motor situated at the lateral plane above the cavity, the driving motor being arranged to drive at least one of the first set of vehicle rolling means and the second set of vehicle rolling means along the lateral plane of any underlying storage system set up by the first (X) and second (Y) directions. The change of direction of the vehicle assembly is preferably discrete. i.e. constituting a 90 degrees turn.

In another advantageous embodiment at least one of the vehicle rolling means comprises a first part and a second part that are arranged at opposite facing side walls of the vehicle body and a vertically displaceable bar rigidly interconnecting the first part and the second part at a lateral plane above the cavity, wherein at least one of the first and second part further comprises an upper rotating unit and a lower rotating unit, the upper and lower rotating units being interconnected by a cord rendering simultaneous rotation of the units possible. At least one of the upper and lower rotating units may be wheels, belts, etc. Furthermore, the cord may comprise any elongated object that allows said simultaneous rotation. The lower rotating unit is configured to at least indirectly contact the underlying storage system during use. The lower rotating unit may advantageously comprise two laterally spaced apart wheels configured to cause releasable contact with the underlying storage system during use, i.e. when the vehicle assembly is set in a non-displaced state.

In one embodiment the interconnecting cord is encircling both the lower and upper rotating unit.

In an alternative embodiment the interconnecting cord is encircling the upper rotating unit but arranged outside the lower rotation unit. The latter configuration may be achieved by means of additional wheels around which the cord is encircling. The assembly of the cord and the additional wheels should then be configured to create a stable pressure onto the lower ration unit, for example by use of two smaller wheels arranged adjacent to each wheels of the lower rotating unit, and where the cord is guided between the larger wheels and the additional wheels. This embodiment is considered more advantageous since it ensures a better contact between the lower rotation unit and the underlying storage system during use.

In another advantageous embodiment at least one of the vehicle rolling means comprises a first part and a second part being arranged at opposite facing side walls of the vehicle body, where the first and second part is rigidly connected to a first and second displacement plate, respectively, and a vertically displaceable bar at a lateral plane above the cavity rigidly connecting the first and second displacement plate.

In another advantageous embodiment all components contributing to the vertical displacement of the vehicle rolling means and the operation of the lifting device are arranged above the cavity, and all components contributing to the lateral movement of the vehicle assembly are either arranged above the cavity or within the volume limited by the spatial distribution of the parts of the vehicle rolling means contacting an underlying storage system during operation or a combination thereof.

The invention also concerns a storage system suitable for storage of bins. The storage system comprises a remotely operated vehicle assembly in accordance with any of the configurations described above, a vehicle support comprising a plurality of crossing supporting rails and a bin storing structure supporting the vehicle support. The structure comprises a plurality of storage columns, wherein each storage columns is arranged to accommodate a vertical stack of storage bins.

In an advantageous embodiment the plurality of crossing supporting rails are of type double track rails comprising a first and second X-rail in the first direction (X) and a third and fourth Y-rail in the second direction (Y).

In another advantageous embodiment the lateral cross sectional area of the remotely operated vehicle assembly occupies at most the lateral cross sectional area of the storage column within the bin storing structure, where the lateral cross sectional area of the storage column corresponds to the lateral area limited by the distance from one supporting rail to the closest parallel supporting rail in each direction, the distance being measured from the centre line of each rails.

The invention also concerns a method which is suitable for changing direction of a remotely operated vehicle assembly when operated on a storage system. The vehicle assembly comprises a vehicle body displaying a cavity for receiving a storage bin within the storage system, a vehicle lifting device connected at least indirectly to the vehicle body being suitable for lifting the storage bin into the cavity, a displacement arrangement comprising a displacement motor and driving means comprising a first set of vehicle rolling means connected to the vehicle body allowing movement of the vehicle along a first direction (X) within the storage system during use and a second set of vehicle rolling means connected to the vehicle body allowing movement of the vehicle along a second direction (Y) in the storage system during use, the second direction (Y) being perpendicular to the first direction (X). The method is characterized by the following step:

-   -   rotate at least one lever arm by operating the displacement         motor, where the displacement motor is situated near the upper         lateral plane, or above, the cavity and     -   vertically displacing one of the first set of vehicle rolling         means and the second set of vehicle rolling means by exerting a         pressure force on the vehicle rolling means in the vertical         direction, away from any underlying storage system, by means of         the rotating lever arm.

In an advantageous embodiment the remotely operated vehicle assembly used in the disclosed method is a vehicle in accordance with any of the configurations mentioned above.

In the following description, numerous specific details are introduced to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the claimed vehicle, system and method. One skilled in the relevant art, however, will recognize that these embodiments can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or with other components, systems, etc. In other instances, well-known structures or operations are not shown, or are not described in detail, to avoid obscuring aspects of the disclosed embodiments.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prior art storage system;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a remotely operated vehicle according to a first embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the remotely operated vehicle of FIG. 2 observed from a different angle;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of part of a storage system in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention including a bin storing grid, a vehicle support and a remotely operated vehicle;

FIGS. 5 (a) and (b) are perspective views observed from two different angles of a remotely operated vehicle according to a second embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 6 (a) and (b) are perspective views observed from two different angles of the remotely operated vehicle of FIG. 5 , where exterior side walls and top lid have been removed;

FIGS. 7 (a) and (b) are perspective views of a remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-6 , where one of the set of wheels are in its operational (lower) position and in its non-operational (elevated) position, respectively;

FIGS. 8 (a) and (b) are cross-sectional, transparent views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-7 where one of the set of wheels is in its operational position and in its non-operation position, respectively;

FIGS. 9 (a) and (b) are views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-8 seen from below and above, respectively;

FIGS. 10 (a) to (d) are side views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-9 , where FIG. 10 (a) shows the vehicle seen along x direction with casing, FIG. 10 (b) shows a cross section of the vehicle along the section A-A of FIG. 10 (a), FIG. 10 (c) shows a partly transparent side view of the vehicle along the y direction and FIG. 10 (d) shows a cross section of the vehicle along the section B-B of FIG. 10 (c);

FIGS. 11 (a) and (b) are perspective views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-10 showing the vehicle in an exploded and non-exploded view drawing, respectively;

FIGS. 12 (a)-(d) are views of a remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 5-11 arranged on top of a storage system, where FIGS. 12 (a) and (b) is a perspective view and a top view, respectively, showing the vehicle in five adjacent positions above a storage columns and FIGS. 12 (c) and (d) are corresponding side views of FIGS. 12 (a) and (b);

FIGS. 13 (a) and (b) are perspective views in two different angles of a remotely operated vehicle according to a third embodiment of the invention;

FIGS. 14 (a) to (d) are side views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIG. 13 , where FIG. 14 (a) shows the vehicle seen along x direction with casing, FIG. 14 (b) shows a cross section of the vehicle along the section A-A of FIG. 14 (a), FIG. 14 (c) shows a side view of the vehicle seen along the y direction and FIG. 14 (d) shows a cross section of the vehicle along the section B-B of FIG. 14 (c);

FIGS. 15 (a) and (b) are perspective views of the remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 13 and 14 showing the vehicle in an exploded and non-exploded view drawing, respectively,

FIGS. 16 (a)-(e) show drawings of a remotely operated vehicle according to FIGS. 13-15 arranged on top of a storage system, where FIGS. 16 (a) and (b) are side views seen along the y direction and the x direction, respectively, FIG. 16 (c) is a top view showing the vehicle positioned directly above a storage column and FIGS. 16 (d) and (e) show in further details a double rail configuration, and

FIG. 17 shows a principal sketch of the wheel configuration at one side walls of the remotely operated vehicle according any one of the embodiments.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Hereinafter all relative terms used to describe the inventive robot such as upper, lower, lateral, vertical, X-direction, Y-direction, Z-direction, etc, shall be interpreted using the above mentioned prior art storage system as reference system. Note also that a robot is herein considered to be a particular type of a remotely operated vehicle.

FIGS. 2 and 3 give perspective views in two different angles of a robot 1 in accordance with a first embodiment of the invention comprising a rectangular vehicle body or framework 4 displaying a cavity 7 centrally arranged there within, a top cover 72 covering the top part of the body 4, a first set of four wheels 10 mounted inside the cavity 7 and a second set of four wheels 11 mounted at the exterior walls of the body 4. The first and second set of wheels 10,11 are oriented perpendicular to each other. For the sake of clarity a Cartesian coordinate system is shown with its X, Y and Z axes aligned along the principal directions of the rectangular vehicle body 4. The size of the cavity 7 is adapted to at least contain the largest storage bin 2 intended to be picked up by the robot 1, and preferably also a vehicle lifting device 9 (FIG. 4 ). The lateral area, i.e. along the X and Y directions, may be of any size relative to the prior art storage system, for example less than the lateral area of an underlying storage column 8 a, exactly matching the lateral area of the underlying storage column (see additional embodiment below) and extending beyond the lateral area of the underlying storage column 8 a, either in one direction only (Y direction in FIG. 4 ) or in both directions.

FIG. 4 shows a part of a storage system 3 where the robot 1 is in a lifting position on a vehicle support 14, directly above a storage column 8,8 a within a supporting bin storing structure 15. A vehicle lifting device 9 is lowered a distance into the storage column 8,8 a in order to hook onto, and lift up, any storage bin 2 within the column 8. The reference numerals 8 a and 8 b refer to a central storage columns 8 a situated directly below the robot 1 and to an adjacent storage column 8 b situated adjacent to the central storage column 8 a.

FIGS. 5 and 6 (a) and (b) show the inventive robot 1 in accordance with a second embodiment of the invention. In FIG. 6 the side walls and the top cover 72 have been removed in order to better illustrate all relevant components, in particular related to the wheel displacement arrangement 23-28 and the driving means 10,11. A Cartesian coordination system (X,Y,Z) has been added for the sake of clarity. As in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 the driving means 10,11 comprises a first set of vehicle rolling means 10 and a second set of vehicle rolling means 11 configured to move the robot 1 along the top of a storage system 3 in the X and Y direction, respectively. Each set 10,11 are composed of two wheel parts 10 a,10 b arranged along opposite facing side walls of the framework 4, where at least one set 10,11 may be displaced vertically.

As seen in FIG. 6 , the wheel parts 10 a,10 b further comprises a master wheel 30 arranged at an upper part 4 u of the framework 4 and slave wheels 31 comprising two slave wheels 31 a,31 b arranged at, or near, each of the two corners of the lower edge of the framework 4. The slave wheels 31 a,31 b constitute the conventional driving wheels contacting, directly or indirectly, the underlying storage system 3 during use. The three wheels 30,31 a,31 b of each four wheel parts are interconnected by an at least partly encircling belt or cord 32, ensuring a simultaneous rotation of each slave wheels 31 a,31 b when the master wheel 30 is set in operation by one or more drive units 20,21.

In order to lift the slave wheels 31,31 a,31 b from the storage system 3 during change of direction of the robot 1, one or more vertically displaceable bars 22 is/are mounted above the cavity 7 interconnecting a first and second displacement plate 34 a,34 b positioned along opposing side walls of the framework 4, i.e. along the y direction. Each displacement plate 34 a,34 b rigidly connects the master wheel 30, the slave wheels 31 and the belt 32 in the x-z plane, where the master wheel 30, the slave wheels 31 and the belt constitute the first part of the vehicle rolling means 10 a With this particular configuration any displacement of the bar 22 thus result in a rigid displacement of the connected driving means 10. FIG. 6 shows a configuration where only the first set of vehicle rolling means 10 is displaceable by the bar 22. However, it is clear for the skilled person that alternative configurations are possible where the second set of vehicle rolling means 11 may be displaced instead of, or in addition to, the first set of vehicle rolling means 10, without deviating from the main purpose of the invention.

The displacement of the bar 22 may be achieved by means of a lever arm 23 configured to exert an upward directed pressure force activated by a displacement motor 25,25 a, thereby pushing the bar 22 vertically. To ensure high predictability during displacement, the bar 22 can be arranged and guided within suitable slots 33 having a width being slightly larger than the diameter of the bar 22 and a length being equal or slightly longer than the total displacement length (Δz) (FIG. 7 ). The end of the lever arm 23 is mounted on a rotatable bolt 26 situated at one lateral side of the bar 22, thus defining a fulcrum 26. The lateral distance between the fulcrum 26 and the bar 22 may for example be half the length of the lever arm 23.

The rotational mechanism of the lever arm 23 may be situated at the opposite lateral side of the bar 22 relative to the fulcrum 26. This particular embodiment is illustrated in FIGS. 5-8 . With reference to FIGS. 6 and 7 the rotational mechanism comprises a displacement motor 25 (for example a DC motor) having a rotor 25 a, a lever arm wheel 28 attached to the rotor 25 a, a locking arm 27 attachable in one end to the lever arm wheel 28 and attached in the other end to the end of the lever arm 23 opposite to the fulcrum 26. The locking arm 27 is configured to at least partly enclose the lever arm wheel 28 when the lever arm 23 is rotated into its upper position, i.e. the position where the bar 22 has been pushed up to its uppermost position; thereby blocking any vertical movements of the lever arm 23 that is not caused by controlled operation of the displacement motor 25. FIGS. 7(b) and 8(b) show the situation where the locking arm 27 is in its upper position.

The rotation of the lever arm 23 may alternatively be operated by a displacement motor arranged at its fulcrum 26.

In yet an alternative configuration the rotation of the lever arm 23 may be operated by arranging a suitable displacement motor both at its fulcrum 26 and at or near the opposite end of the lever arm 23.

FIGS. 7, 8 (a) and FIGS. 7, 8 (b) illustrate the robot 1 with its master and slave wheels 30,31 in their non-displaced and displaced state, respectively. In the figures, Δz signifies the displacement length of the driving means 10 after a successful wheel displacement. The dotted lines are added in order to better indicate the actual wheel positions. For example, the upper dotted line pair in FIG. 7 shows the change in position of the master wheel 30. The two dotted lower line pairs in FIG. 7 show the corresponding change in position of the two slave wheels 31 being vertically guided with at least two vertical beams 4 b arranged in corners of the vehicle body or framework 4. Additionally, the at least two vertical beams 4 b may form parts of the vehicle body or framework 4.

FIGS. 9 (a) and (b) shows the stripped robot 1 from below and above, respectively. The before mentioned displacement motor 25 with its rotor 25 a is shown at the lower left side. The driving motors 20,21 for driving the robot in the X and Y directions are shown at the upper left side and lower right side, respectively, and the vehicle lifting device motor 9 a is shown at the upper right side. At least one of the motors 9 a,20,21 is preferably a DC motor. Each driving motor 20,21 is operating a drive shaft 35,36, which again is connected at their ends to the opposite facing master wheels 30, thereby providing transmission of rotational force to the slave wheels 31 via belts 32. Additionally, a vertical recess 4 r is featured in each of the at least two vertical beams 4 b to aid in vertically guiding the two slave wheels 31 along the at least two vertical beams 4 b.

FIGS. 10-11 show other illustrations of the vehicle in accordance with the second embodiment.

A vehicle with a top cover 72 (non-removable or removable) and a vehicle body 4 covering all sides in the X,Y directions is shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and (b) observed along x direction and y direction respectively.

In the partly transparent illustration in FIG. 10 (c) a storage bin 2 may be seen arranged fully within the cavity 7. FIGS. 10 (b) and (d) show a cross sectional views along section A-A of FIG. 10 (a) and section B-B of FIG. 10 (c), revealing internal components of the vehicle 1. With reference to FIG. 10 (b), the second displacement plate 34 b is shown extending from the upper part 4 u of the vehicle body/framework 4, including the master wheel 30, and to the lower edge of the vehicle 1, including the slave wheels 31,31 a,31 b (FIG. 11 ).

The vehicle lifting device 9 includes the vehicle lifting device motor 9 a, the lifting grips 9 b situated below the lifting device plate for grabbing the underlying bin 2, the guiding pins 9 c for adjusting the lifting device 9 in correct lateral position during pick-up of the bin 2, a plurality of first lifting device bars 9 d (FIG. 15 (b)) establishing a suspended connection from the upper part 4 u of the framework 4 to the lateral extending plate of the lifting device 9, one or more second lifting device bars 9 e (FIG. 15 (b)) in rotational connection with both the vehicle lifting device motor, a lifting device sheave 9 f (FIG. 15 (a)) attached to one or both ends of each first lifting device bars 9 d and a lifting device belt 9 g (FIG. 15 (b)) enabling rotational connection between the first and second lifting device bars 9 d,9 e.

FIG. 10 (b) further shows the drive shafts 35,36 drivingly connected to the driving motor 20 (for rotation of one or both of the master wheel 30 in the X direction) and driving motor 21 (for rotation of one or both of the master wheel 30 in the Y direction). As mentioned previously, the rotation of the master wheels 30 causes a corresponding rotation of the corresponding slave wheels 10,31,11. The lever arm 23 is shown in the lowered position, i.e. where the first set of vehicle rolling means 10 is contacting the underlying rails 13. FIG. 10 (d) shows the lateral positions of the driving motors 20,21, the displacement motor 25 with rotor 25 a rotating the lever arm 23 around its fulcrum 26 and the vehicle lifting device motor 9 a providing necessary power for lifting/lowering of the vehicle device 9.

The exploded and non-exploded drawings shown in FIGS. 11 (a) and 11 (b), respectively, show, in addition to the components disclosed in FIG. 10 , the position of the master wheels 30, the slave wheels 31 and the enclosing belt 32, both in the X direction and the Y direction.

The inventive remotely operated vehicle 1 is in FIG. 12 (a)-(d) shown arranged on double track rails 13 constituting part of vehicle support 14 mentioned above. In FIGS. 12 (a), (c) and (d) the vehicle 1 is shown positioned directly above five different columns 8 a,8 b. Vehicles 1 illustrated with stippled lines indicate possible vehicle positions above columns 8 b adjacent to the initial column 8 a As is clearly seen in FIG. 12 the lateral cross sectional area of the inventive vehicle 1 occupies exactly the lateral cross sectional area of one underlying column 8,8 a,8 b, i.e. within the mid part of the double track rails 13 both in X and Y direction. The lateral cross sectional area of the vehicle 1 may of course be smaller or larger than the lateral cross sectional area of the column 8. However, vehicles 1 with a cross sectional area covering a single cell in the storage system 3, combined with use of double track rails 13,13 a-d (see FIG. 16 (d)), has the advantageous that is allows vehicles 1 to pass/cross at all four lateral sides while at the same time maintaining a high degree of stability.

A third embodiment according to the invention is shown in FIGS. 13-16 , where FIGS. 13 (a) and (b) show the inventive vehicle 1 comprising a top cover 72 (non-removable or removable), a vehicle body/framework 4 covering all sides in the X,Y directions, a first set of vehicle rolling means 10,10 a,31 a,31 b and a second set of vehicle rolling means 11. FIG. 13 (b) also shows part of the cavity 7 and part of the lifting device 9 with its lifting grips 9 b and guiding pins 9 c.

FIGS. 14 (a) and (c) show side views observed along x direction and y direction, respectively, of the third embodiment vehicle shown in FIG. 13 . Cross sectional views along section A-A of FIG. 14 (a) and section B-B of FIG. 14 (c) are shown in FIGS. 14 (b) and (d), respectively, revealing internal components of the vehicle 1. As for the second embodiment shown in FIG. 10 (b) the second displacement plate 34 b extends from the upper part 4 u of the vehicle body 4 to the lower edge of the vehicle 1, including the slave wheels 31,31 a,31 b (FIG. 15 ). In addition to the lifting device 9 with its vehicle lifting device motor 9 a, lifting grips 9 b and guiding pins 9 c, FIG. 14 (b) also shows lifting device sheaves 9 f and lifting device belt 9 g used to lift and lower the lifting device 9. As for the second embodiment and best seen in the exploded and non-exploded drawing in FIGS. 15 (a) and (b), respectively, a plurality of first lifting device bars 9 d are connected to each of the lifting device sheaves 9 f, and these bars 9 d are connecting the two lateral sides of vehicles 1 upper part 4 u along the y direction. Further, as seen in FIG. 15 (a) the lifting device belts 9 g connect the sheaves 9 b and bars 9 d to one or more second lifting device bars 9 e, which again is in rotary connection with the vehicle lifting device motor 9 a. Hence, rotation of the second lifting device bars 9 e causes a rotation of the first lifting device bars 9 d and sheaves 9 f via the lifting device belts 9 g, resulting in the desired lifting/lowering of the lifting device 9,9 b,9 c. The belts connecting the first lifting device bars 9 d with the lowered/lifted part are not shown.

The first set of wheels 10 which is configured to be lowered/lifted to/from the rails 13 in order to change direction is mounted together on a common frame. In FIGS. 15 (a) and (b) this frame corresponds to the first and second displacement plates 34 a,34 b. Both in the second and third embodiments this common frame is rigidly fixed to the displaceable bar 22, thereby enabling vertical displacement by the pivoting the lever arm 23 as described earlier. The common frame may advantageously comprise guiding means/wheels situated at its lower edge in order to facilitate the vertical displacements. However, in contrast to the second embodiment the third embodiment does not necessitate the use of any master wheel 30 to exert rotational force on the first and/or second set of wheels 10,11. The driving means 10,11 may obtain their driving force in lateral (X,Y) direction by the utilization of one or more motors integrated within the driving means, for example by installing rotor magnets within each wheels 10,11, or by installing separate belts/chains extending from driving motors situated in the upper part 4 u of the framework 4 to the driving means 10,11, or a combination thereof.

The vehicle 1 in accordance with the third embodiment is in FIG. 16 (a)-(e) shown arranged on double track rails 13 constituting at least part of the vehicle support 14. In FIGS. 16 (a), (b) and (c) the vehicle 1 is shown positioned directly above a central column 8 a As is in the second embodiment the lateral cross sectional area of the vehicle 1 occupies exactly, or almost exactly, the lateral cross sectional area of the underlying column 8,8 a,8 b. The lateral cross sectional area may of course be smaller or larger than the lateral cross sectional area of the column 8. However, vehicles 1 with a cross sectional area covering a single cell in the storage system, combined with use of double track rails 16 (c)-(e), has the advantage of allowing vehicles 1 to pass/cross at all four lateral sides while maintaining optimized stability. FIGS. 16 (d) and (e) show in further details the double track rails 13, where FIG. 16 (d) shows a top view of a cross-over of such double track rails 13 comprising a first and second X-rail 13 a,13 b directed along the X direction and a third and fourth Y-rail directed along the Y direction, while FIG. 16 (e) shows a perspective side view of part of the double track rail 13 directed along the Y direction.

In FIGS. 5-12 the belt 32 interconnecting the master wheel 30 and the slave wheels 31 is shown to completely enclose all wheels 30,31. This configuration is easy to implement and cost effective. However, since the belt 32 is situated between the rotation point of the slave wheels 31 a,31 b and the underlying storage system 3 the downward directed force may be weakened by dynamic forces, for example during acceleration/deceleration of the vehicle 1. In order to at least mitigate this potential weakening, an alternative driving means configuration is proposed where one or more smaller auxiliary wheels 37, for example two auxiliary wheels, are arranged adjacent at least some, preferably all, of the slave wheels 31 a,31 b, and where the belt 32 is guided between the slave wheel 31 a,31 b and its auxiliary wheels 37. This alternative configuration, illustrated in FIG. 17 , ensures a desired decrease in the risk of a downward acting pressure force weakening during operation, and thus a more predictable contact force between the slave wheels 31 a,31 b and the underlying storage system 3.

All operations of the vehicle/robot 1 are controlled by wireless communication means and remote control units. This includes control of the vehicle movements, the directional changes of the vehicle 1, the vehicle lifting device 9 and any registration of the vehicle positions.

In the preceding description, various aspects of the assembly according to the invention have been described with reference to the illustrative embodiment. For purposes of explanation, specific numbers, systems and configurations were set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the apparatus and its workings. However, this description is not intended to be construed in a limiting sense. Various modifications and variations of the illustrative embodiment, as well as other embodiments of the apparatus, which are apparent to persons skilled in the art to which the disclosed subject matter pertains, are deemed to lie within the scope of the present invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS/LETTERS

-   1 Remotely operated vehicle assembly/robot -   2 Storage bin -   3 Storage system -   4 Vehicle body/framework -   4 b Vertical beam -   4 r Vertical recess -   4 u Upper half of vehicle body -   7 Cavity -   8 Storage column -   9 Vehicle lifting device -   9 a Vehicle lifting device motor -   9 b Lifting grip -   9 c Guiding pin -   9 d First lifting device bar -   9 e Second lifting device bar -   9 f Lifting device sheave -   9 g Lifting device belt -   10 First set of vehicle rolling means/driving means -   10 a First part of vehicle rolling means -   10 b Second part of vehicle rolling means -   11 Second set of vehicle rolling means/driving means -   13 Supporting rail -   13 a First X-rail -   13 b Second X-rail -   13 c First Y-rail -   13 d Second Y-rail -   14 Vehicle support -   15 Bin storing structure/bin storing grid -   20 Driving motor for driving vehicle in X direction -   21 Driving motor for driving vehicle in Y direction -   22 Displaceable bar -   23 Lever arm -   25 Displacement motor -   25 a Rotor of displacement motor -   26 First rotatable device/rotatable bolt/fulcrum -   27 Locking means/locking arm -   28 Second rotatable device/lever arm wheel -   30 Upper rotating unit/Master wheel -   31 Lower rotating unit/Slave wheel -   31 a Laterally spaced apart wheel/first slave wheel -   31 b Laterally spaced apart wheel/second slave wheel -   32 Cord/rope/belt -   33 Slots -   34 a First displacement plate -   34 b Second displacement plate -   35 Drive shaft, X direction -   36 Drive shaft, Y direction -   37 Auxiliary wheel -   50 Bin lift device -   60 Delivery station/port -   72 Top cover -   Δz Displacement length 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A remotely operated vehicle for retrieving and/or replacing items from a storage system comprising a framework structure having a track system at an upper level of the framework structure upon which the vehicle travels, the track system comprising a plurality of tracks arranged in a first direction and a plurality of tracks arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, whereby intersecting tracks define cells arranged in a grid pattern, through which cells a lifting device of the vehicle may access items stored in the storage system, the vehicle comprising: a vehicle body or framework displaying a cavity arranged centrally within the vehicle body or framework for receiving and holding an item from the storage system; the lifting device comprising a gripping member attached to an elongated lowering and raising mechanism arranged for lowering the gripping member through a cell to access a stored item, the gripping member arranged to grip the item and the elongated mechanism being arranged to lift the item into the cavity; two sets of wheels, a first set of wheels arranged to travel along the tracks in the first direction and a second set of wheels arranged to travel along the tracks in the second direction; a displacement arrangement comprising a displacement motor, wherein the displacement motor is configured to provide power or force to vertically displace at least one of the first set of wheels and the second set of wheels between a displaced state and a non-displaced state while the remotely operated vehicle is being operated, wherein the at least one of the first set of wheels and the second set of wheels is displaced away from the tracks in the displaced state, and wherein the at least one of the first set of wheels and the second set of wheels is in contact with the tracks in the non-displaced state, thereby changing the direction of travel of the vehicle; and at least four vertical beams arranged at corners of the vehicle body or framework for guiding the first set of wheels between the displaced state and the non-displaced state, wherein the at least four vertical beams define the vehicle body or framework with a cuboid shape, wherein each of the at least four vertical beams features a vertical recess by which the first set of wheels is guided, and wherein the vehicle body or framework occupies at most a space of a single cell and the tracks defining the cell during a retrieval or replacement operation.
 2. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the cuboid shape is a rectangular cuboid.
 3. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the cavity and cells have lateral areas, and the lateral area, of the cavity matches the lateral area of an underlying cell.
 4. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the at least four vertical beams form parts of the framework of the vehicle.
 5. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein at least the first set of wheels or the second set of wheels comprises an upper rotating unit and a lower rotating unit, the upper and lower rotating units being interconnected by a belt.
 6. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a lifting device motor for operating the elongated lowering and raising mechanism is arranged above the cavity.
 7. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 6, wherein at least one rotatable lifting device bar is arranged above the cavity.
 8. A storage system for items, comprising: the remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, and a framework structure having a track system at an upper level of the framework structure upon which the vehicle travels, the track system comprising a plurality of tracks arranged in a first direction and a plurality of tracks arranged in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, whereby intersecting tracks define cells arranged in a grid pattern, through which cells the lifting device of the vehicle may access items stored in the storage system.
 9. The storage system according to claim 8, wherein a lateral cross sectional area of the remotely operated vehicle occupies at most a lateral cross sectional area of a single cell and the tracks defining the cell.
 10. The remotely operated vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the vertical recess in each vertical beam is arranged in proximity to a corresponding corner of the vehicle body or framework. 